Tag Archives: ARM-Based MPU

Secured SAMA5D4 for industrial, fitness or IoT display


To target applications like home automation, surveillance camera, control panels for security, or industrial and residential gateways, high DMIPS computing is not enough.


The new SAMA5D4 expands the Atmel | SMART Cortex-A5-based family, adding a 720p resolution hardware video decoder to target Human Machine Interface (HMI), control panel and IoT applications when high performance display capability is required. Cortex-A5 offers raw performance of 945 DMIPS (@ 600 MHz) completed by ARM NEON 128-bit SIMD (single instruction, multiple data) DSP architecture extension. To target applications like home automation, surveillance camera, control panels for security, or industrial and residential gateways, high DMIPS computing is not enough. In order to really make a difference, on top of the hardware’s dedicated video decoder (H264, VP8, MPEG4), you need the most complete set of security features.

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Whether for home automation purpose or industrial HMI, you want your system to be safeguarded from hackers, and protect your investment against counterfeiting. You have the option to select 16-b DDR2 interface, or 32-b if you need better performance, but security is no longer just an option. Designing with Atmel | SMART SAMA5D4 will guarantee secure boot, including ARM Trust Zone, encrypted DDR bus, tamper detection pins and secure data storage. This MPU also integrates hardware encryption engines supporting AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)/3DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard), RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman), ECC (Elliptic Curves Cryptography), as well as SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) and TRNG (True Random Number Generator).

If you design fitness equipment, such as treadmills and exercise machines, you may be more sensitive to connectivity and user interface functions than to security elements — even if it’s important to feel safe in respect with counterfeiting. Connectivity includes gigabit and 10/100 Ethernet and up to two High-Speed USB ports (configurable as two hosts or one host and one device port) and one High Speed Inter-Chip Interface (HSIC) port, several SDIO/SD/MMC, dual CAN, etc. Because the SAMA5D4 is intended to support industrial, consumer or IoT applications requiring efficient display capabilities, it integrates LCD controllers with a graphics accelerator, resistive touchscreen controller, camera interface and the aforementioned 720p 30fps video decoder.

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The MCU market is highly competitive, especially when you consider that most of the products are developed around the same ARM-based family of cores (from the Cortex-M to Cortex-A5 series). Performance is an important differentiation factor, and the SAMA5D4 is the highest performing MPUs in the Atmel ARM Cortex-A5 based MPU family, offering up to 945 DMIPS (@ 600 MHz) completed by DSP extension ARM NEON 128-bit SIMD (single instruction, multiple data). Using safety and security on top of performance to augment differentiation is certainly an efficient architecture choice. As you can see in the block diagram below, the part features the ARM TrustZone system-wide approach to security, completed by advanced security features to protect the application software from counterfeiting, like encrypted DDR bus, tamper detection pins and secure data storage. But that’s not enough. Fortunately, this microprocessor integrates hardware encryption engines supporting AES/3DES, RSA, ECC, as well as SHA and TRNG.

The SAMA5 series targets industrial or fitness applications where safety is a key differentiating factor. If security helps protecting the software asset and makes the system robust against hacking, safety directly protects the user. The user can be the woman on the treadmill, or the various machines connected to the display that SAMA5 MCU pilots. This series is equipped with functions that ease the implementation of safety standards like IEC61508, including a main crystal oscillator clock with failure detector, POR (power-on reset), independent watchdog timers, write protection register, etc.

Atmel-SMART-SAMA5D4-ARM-Cortex-MPU-AtmelThe SAMA5D4 is a medium-heavier processor and well suited for IoT, control panels, HMI, and the like, differentiating from other Atmel MCUs by the means of performance and security (not to mention, safety). The ARM Cortex-A5 based device delivers up to 945 DMIPS when running at 600 MHz, completed by DSP architecture extension ARM NEON 128-bit SIMD. The most important factor that sets the SAMA5D4 apart from the rest is probably its implemented security capabilities. These will protect OEM software investments from counterfeiting, user privacy against hacking, and its safety features make the SAMA5D4 ideal for industrial, fitness or IoT applications.


This post has been republished with permission from SemiWiki.com, where Eric Esteve is a principle blogger as well as one of the four founding members of the site. This blog first appeared on SemiWiki on October 6, 2015.

IAR Systems provides tools for new Atmel | SMART SAMA5D2 series


IAR Embedded Workbench supports latest series of Atmel | SMART ARM Cortex-A5-based microprocessors with low power consumption and advanced security features.


Our friends over at IAR Systems have shared that the IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM now supports the Atmel | SMART SAMA5D2 series. With its highly optimizing build tools and comprehensive debugging capabilities, their popular development toolchain enables developers to fully leverage the high performance of the recently revealed MPU family.

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The Atmel | SMART SAMA5D2 is based on the high-end ARM Cortex-A5 core and features an ARM NEON engine. ARM NEON is a Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) architecture extension providing the top performance that is crucial to developers working for example with multimedia and signal processing applications. With the IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM, users will be able to benefit from this technology thanks to the automatic NEON vectorization available in the tools. By vectorizing their code, they can achieve faster application response time, improve application battery lifetime and further meet the market demands for low cost and low power.

What’s more, the SAMA5D2 boasts a robust security system including ARM TrustZone technology, along with secure boot, hardware cryptography, RSA/ECC, on-the-fly encryption/decryption on DDR and QSPI memories, tamper resistance, memory scrambling, independent watchdog, temperature, voltage and frequency monitoring and a unique ID in each device.

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The complete development toolchain IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM features the powerful IAR C/C++ Compiler and the comprehensive C-SPY Debugger in a user-friendly integrated development environment. The toolchain offers extensive debugging and profiling possibilities such as complex code and data breakpoints, runtime stack analysis, call stack visualization, code coverage analysis and integrated monitoring of power consumption. For complete code control, IAR Systems provides integrated add-on tools for static and runtime analysis.

“We are excited to see early support for our latest low-power MPUs in IAR Systems’ leading development toolchain,” explains Jacko Wilbrink, Atmel Senior Director of MPUs. “In order to be able to develop next-generation industrial IoT and wearables applications, developers require more performance, lower power and additional security. The Atmel | SMART SAMA5D2 series and IAR Embedded Workbench deliver excellent performance and a wide range of features to fulfill these requirements and deliver truly differentiating products to help bring products faster to market.”

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Interested? You can head over to the IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM, as well as read up on the industry’s lowest power Cortex-A5-based MPU here.

Video: Atmel talks about the newly-announced SAMA5D4 series

During the week of ARM TechCon, Atmel expanded its Atmel | SMART portfolio with the debut of the SAMA5D4, a new series of high-performance microprocessors (MPUs) based on the ARM Cortex-A5 processor. The SAMA5D4 offers OEMs seamless technology for Internet of Things (IoT), consumer and industrial applications including control panels, communication gateways, imaging terminals and more.

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Atmel’s SAMA5D4 series expands upon the existing SAMA5 family by offering H264, VP8 and MPEG4 720p video playback capability at 30fps for an enhanced user interface experience, bringing significant increases in processing and system performance. Additionally, the series also provides higher security leveraging ARM TrustZone technology to protect the system against counterfeiting, remote firmware updates and allow safe storage of critical data.

At ARM TechCon 2014, Atmel Product Marketing Manager Laurence Barberis talked with the folks at ARM about the newly-announced expansion of Atmel’s ARM Cortex-A5 based MPUs.

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Barberis also showed off a recent demo of the SAMA5D4 MPU running a treadmill application built with Crank Software’s Storyboard Suite. The application features video playback and a touchscreen with multiple controls that can be used to interact with a treadmill to adjust things such as speed and incline, as well as display data like heart rate, distance, and accomplishments.

 

Cosino Enigma is an SAMA5D3 based CPU module

Powered by the Atmel | SMART ARM Cortex-A5 based SAMA5D3HCE Engineering has introduced the latest development in its Cosino Project: the Cosino Enigma CPU module.

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As previously discussed on Bits & Piecesthe Cosino Project is an embedded prototyping system that combines the functionality of a mini-computer with those of a professional automation system. Cosino includes a comprehensive lineup of CPU boards, carrier boards and multiple peripherals that support industrial applications, as well as countless DIY projects by Makers.

With the recent launch of the Cosino Enigma, the team will now enrich their offering of Atmel based MPU modules. This new CPU module supports secure boot, which allows a user to store all of their software in an encrypted form on the system’s mass memory, therefore making it inaccessible to unauthorized intrusions!

How the secure boot works

Enigma’s CPU has two way of functioning: normal mode and secure mode. In the former mode, the CPU is no different than all other CPUs; however, once the secure mode is activated, it will execute ONLY encrypted code.

In normal mode, the boot stages consist of:

  1. The on-chip ROM bootloader loads the pre-bootloader from an external mass storage into the internal RAM, then
  2. The pre-bootloader sets up the external RAM and loads the bootloader from an external mass storage into external RAM, then
  3. The bootloader can setup some peripherals in order to prepare the system for the kernel and loads the kernel from an external mass storage into external RAM, then
  4. The kernel activates all system’s peripherals and mounts the rootfs from an external mass storage and starts the user’s processes executions.

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Starting from stage 2, all the software that is not coded in ROM can be potentially subjected to attempts to replace the original firmware with a malicious one, simply by altering the code images stored into the system’s mass storage memory.

In industry applications this can lead to several issues related to system security. For instance, let’s consider a biomedical application where the system MUST not work continuously for more than 2 hours. The manufacturer can program the software in order to respect this directive; however, a malicious user may gain access to the system’s mass storage, copy it and then modify it in such a way that the machine can now work for more than 2 hours!

How can the manufacturer protect itself? It can simply use the secure mode!

Once the secure mode is activated, the Enigma’s CPU will execute ONLY encrypted code. In fact, when in secure mode, the internal ROM boot loader (during stage 1), will load the pre-bootloader image and it will then decrypt it by using the AES algorithm with the secret key deeply stored into the CPU.

Note that the AES key is not readable by using any CPU instruction nor the JTAG which is disabled too!

It’s obvious that without knowing the secret key is quite difficult to alter the pre-bootloader code! While, we have just shown that the second stage is secure, by using the same trick for both stage 3 and 4, all the booting chain is secure as well.

But, what about the root file system? Several solutions may be used; however, the SAMA5D3 based Cosino Enigma solution is used as an embedded file system into the kernel, and in the event that large data storage is needed, to mount an encrypted partition.

What the secure boot cannot do

Despite the secure mode, your system is not protected against backdoors and programming bugs, but these issues are NOT due the secure mode but due weak programmers! The secure mode can assure that your code cannot be altered and/or read so, if your code is well-written, the system is strongly protected against malicious attacks.

The secure boot and the Libre Software

Since Cosino Enigma runs a complete GNU/Linux system, how can it fit within the open source/free software licences? The answer: the unlock track.

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By damaging this track on the board, the user can unlock the system; that is, even in secure mode the CPU can run unencrypted code, so every open source/free software licence is respected! Of course, the manufacturer can release the open source/free software code but NOT its protected code.

In addition, the integrity of the unlock track can be used to assert the warranty integrity; once damaged, the unlock path can assert that the warranty is now void. The open source/free software licence is saved and the manufacturer can decline all responsibility against any software modifications.

Hardware overview

The newly-unveiled board features a vast range of I/O peripherals and communication ports. Along with the TFT touchscreen LCD panels driver capable of resolutions up to 1024×768 pixels, it makes the Cosino Engima quite suitable for human/machine interfaces, gateways, and industrial controllers.

Aside from the ARM Cortex-A5 based SAMA5D3, other key specs include:

  • Internal hardware floating-point unit
  • 256MB (optional 512) SDRAM DDR2
  • 256MB NAND
  • 1x Ethernet 10/100 (optional 1000)
  • 2x USB Host 2.0
  • 1x USB Host/Device 2.0
  • 2x microSD
  • 7x UART
  • 1x LCD
  • 1x real-time clock1
  • 1x I2C
  • 2x SPI
  • 1x crypto engine
  • 1x true number generator

Interested in learning more? You can check out Cosino’s official page here.

Atmel announces ARM Cortex-A5-based MPUs

Atmel has announced that it has expanded its Atmel® | SMART portfolio with the SAMA5D4, a new series of high-performance microprocessors (MPUs) based on the ARM®Cortex-A5 processor. The SAMA5D4 offers OEMs seamless technology for Internet of Things (IoT), consumer and industrial applications including control panels, communication gateways, imaging terminals and more.

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Atmel’s SAMA5D4 series expand on the SAMA5 family by offering H264, VP8 and MPEG4 720p video playback capability at 30fps for an enhanced user interface experience, bringing significant increases in processing and system performance. Additionally, the series also provides higher security leveraging ARM® TrustZone® technology to protect the system against counterfeiting, remote firmware updates and allow safe storage of critical data.

“With the large market acceptance of the Atmel SAMA5D3 Cortex®-A5-based MPUs, we are continuing to shape experiences surrounding the user interface for industrial and consumer applications. The SAMA5D4 enables the addition of video playback to control panels and displays at an unrivalled cost point,” explained Jacko Wilbrink, Atmel Senior Director of MPUs. “Security and counterfeiting are becoming growing concerns within the rapidly growing IoT market. These applications require MPUs with advanced encryption while maintaining the same level of high performance. Atmel® | SMART™ SAMA5D4 is positioned to deliver the security and performance many Internet-connected systems require.”

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Featuring an ARM NEON™ engine for accelerated signal processing for multimedia and graphics, the SAMA5D4 runs up to 528MHz and includes a 720p hardware video decoder, along with 128kB L2 cache for improved system performance. The MPU integrates powerful peripherals for connectivity and user interface applications including a TFT LCD display controller and dual EMAC.

The SAMA5D4 series offer advanced security functions to protect customer systems against counterfeiting by running authentic software and secure data. These include on-the-fly execution of encrypted code stored in external memory, tamper detection with erasure of critical data, and hardware encryption engines supporting private and public keys algorithms.

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To support the new series of SAMA5D4 MPUs, Atmel® has developed a free Linux® distribution available on linux4sam.com and published on a mainline kernel. A free Android KitKat port will also be available in December 2014 on http://www.AT91.com/android4sam. Atmel offers a free graphics software development kit (SDK) based on Qt5 including demos, widgets, background images, icons, and useful graphical elements to ease a designer’s interface development and customization. For non-operating system (OS) users, Atmel delivers more than 40 peripheral drivers in C. Atmel collaborates with an expanded global network of partners, including IAR, Timesys, Free Electrons, Active Semi, Micron, ISSI, Segger, FreeRTOS, Express Logic, eForce and NuttX that deliver development tools, PMIC, memories, Systems-On-Module (SOM) and software solutions.

To evaluate and prototype your application, Atmel provides a kit covering all SAMA5D4 devices, including a 7-inch capacitive touchscreen. A Linux distribution and a graphic user interface demo with video playback based on Qt5 are made available for initial demonstration.

For those interested, SAMA5D4 samples are now available while production is ramping. Evaluation kits are available using order code ATSAMA5D4-EK for $695 each.

The SAMA5D4 series is comprised of four devices and is shipping in BGA289 and BGA361 packages. Pricing for the SAMA5D43 with the 720p hardware video decoding option starts at $8.95 USD for 1,000-piece quantities.

The newly-unveiled MPU will be on display this week at the Atmel booth (#205) at the ARM TechCon. Visitors will have a chance to explore a number of additional hands-on demos including:

 

Atmel | SMART powered Narrative Clip raises $8 million in funding

The future, for anyone who wants to tell their own story, has never looked brighter. That is because of the Atmel | SMART SAM9G25 powered Narrative Clip — a tiny, automatic 5-megapixel camera paired with an app that offers users access to a “photographic memory” which is both searchable and shareable. Clip it onto your shirt and let it snap away, recording all your daily activities in 30-second increments. Kind of like a GoPro but less obtrusive, always on, and of course, interconnected.

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The Narrative Clip began shipping in January 2014. In just eight months, users have uploaded somewhere north of 100 million photos to the Narrative service. The photo sharing trend is only going up year by year, with around 1.4 billion photos shared daily in 2014. Currently, Narrative says that it sees approximately 700,000 photos uploaded daily by users from all over the world, as illustrated in their recent infographic.

Now, Narrative has announced that they have received $8 million in a funding round that was led by Khosla Ventures and followed by existing investors True Ventures and Passion Capital.

“We’ve experienced significant growth over the past year. With the opportunity to work with Khosla Ventures, we can continue to build on this growth and improve the Narrative Clip and our services,” said Martin Källström, Co-Founder and CEO of Narrative.

According to its blog announcement, the new funding will help spur development of the Narrative Clip and service, as well as support an accelerated growth of the team. “We are building Narrative to offer more features and an even better experience. Opening a U.S. office helps us better serve our North American users and partners. The new office also allows our fantastic support team to offer 18 hours of available support throughout the week and creates a base for maintaining and developing partnerships that will keep Narrative on top.”

This is not the first round of funding for Narrative but certainly the biggest to date. If you recall, the device had a highly-successful Kickstarter campaign during the earlier days of crowdfunding back in 2012. Launched by then Stockholm-based startup, Memoto, the life-logging camera garnered well over half a milllion dollars, surpassing its original goal of a mere $50K. As you can see in the photo below, even original prototype during the campaign was powered by the ARM-based Atmel | SMART SAM9G25.

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Weighing in at 20 grams (0.7 oz) and measuring 36 x 36 x 9 mm (1.42 × 1.42 × 0.35 inches), Narrative boasts a storage capacity of 4,000 pictures and a two-day battery life. This makes it rather easy to tag along and log your experience in real-time. The device also features a double-tap function to more easily capture images, automatic sleep upon being placed face down, a specially coded companion smartphone app (iOS/Android) and cloud storage options.

A couple months ago, the Adafruit crew conducted a detailed teardown of the device – confirming it is indeed embedded with the Atmel | SMART SAM9G25 ARM-based MPU.

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If you have come across an Atmel booth at any industry events (e.g. CES, Embedded World, Computex and ESC Brazil) or hop aboard our decked-out Tech on Trailer over the past year or so, there’s a good chance you’ve had the opportunity to demo the incredibly convenient device. For those who haven’t, head on over to Narrative’s official website now.

Just one of many next-gen devices powered by the recently-unveiled Atmel | SMART family, the Clip will be using the funds to dominate the world of wearable cameras – plus they opened up an office right down the street in San Francisco! Just in time for the holidays, this life-logging device should surely top your list!