Category Archives: Arduino-Compatible

This sweatshirt is changing the way you listen to music


Headphones are so last year.


Musical Hoodie is an interactive social experience-based technology that allows users to display their music onto a wearable canvas with LED lights that match the beat.

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Designed by Wellesley College seniors Athena Kihara, Sasha Levy and Kelsey Reiman, this project creates a playful interface that spurs engagement between the user and their surrounding audience. According to its creators, the Musical Hoodie is aimed for anyone of all ages who loves listening to music, particularly those who use headphones.

This wearable system was conceived as a way to not only eradicate the stigma of people being anti-social because they’re sporting earphone, but enable users to share their music with others via built-in speakers in their pockets.

“While wearing earphones is perceived as wanting to be alone, in many cases it doesn’t necessarily mean so. Sometimes people just want to listen to their music without the intentions of shutting off the outside world. Even if earphone wearers want to share the music they are listening to, the surrounding people may ignore them,” the Makers write. 

Initially, the students looked to embed earbuds into a hood, therefore eliminating the need to carry a pair, as well as to include a series of lights in both the pocket and along the sleeves. However, after some tinkering, they decided to stick with a simple Hanes sweatshirt and move their lights up around the collar and shoulders. Reason being, “They [would be] more visible [and] create a nice visual design reminiscent of the embellished collar trend.”

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Following some prototyping on an Arduino Uno, the Makers turned to an Arduino Lilypad (ATmega328V). With a little coding to enable the LEDs to flash in unison with the beat of the music, the team was well on its way to creating the ultimate social sweatshirt. The Makers sewed lights in horizontal lines based on color to help ensure that the conductive thread wouldn’t cross itself, but that multiple lights could be sewn to one output of the Lilypad.

What’s more, the team decided to add a temperature sensor to one shoulder of the pullover to enhance its interactivity. This way, when someone  touched the sensor, the LEDs would illuminate. “We wanted to invoke the idea of a shoulder pad or brand label that’s often placed on the shoulder, as well as continue with the idea of inviting others to interact with the sweatshirt,” the explained.

While merely a working prototype, the Wellesley College students look to implement a number of new features in its next iteration. These improvements include the ability to play music from a mobile media player, speakers and earphone jacks in the pockets, elbow stretch sensors that will dim or brighten the LEDs, as well as a peer-to-peer interaction between multiple sweatshirts.

Interested in learning more? You can find their project log here.

 

This fan helps deal with ethical dilemmas


The Internet of Ethical Things? 


Created by Simone Rebaudengo and Matthieu Cherubini, Ethical Things is a project that explores the effects of autonomous systems of the future as they head increasingly towards complex algorithms aimed at solving situations requiring some form of moral reasoning. The Makers speculate how these algorithms may not only be concerned with decisions we can’t solve, but more so, what happens to the mundane and insignificant objects that occupy everyday lives?

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“Soon, ‘smart’ objects might also need to have moral capacities as ‘they know too much’ about their surroundings to take a neutral stance. Indeed, with fields such as home automation, ambient intelligence or the Internet of Things, objects of our everyday lives will have more and more access to a multitude of data about ourselves and our environment,” the duo writes.

Even when faced with as simple situations, the level of complexity of products cannot accommodate all parties. The system will be designed to take into account certain inputs, to process a ‘certain’ type of information under a ‘certain’ kind of logic. Take a smart coffeemaker who knows about its user’s heart problems, for example, should it accept giving him a coffee when he requests one?

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The Makers ask, “How are these ‘certainties’ defined, and by whom? How are these autonomous systems going to be able to solve problems without objective answers? And, moreover, as the nature of ethics is very subjective, how will machines be able to deal with the variety of profiles, beliefs, and cultures?”

Ethical Objects looks at how an autonomous fan, when faced with an ethical dilemma, can keep a dose of humanity in its final decision while being flexible enough to accommodate various ethical beliefs. In an effort to demonstrate this, the so-called “ethical fan” connects to a crowdsourcing site each time it is dealt with a quandary. It then posts the dilemma it’s facing and awaits the help of one of the “workers,” or “mechanical turks,” who will tell the fan how to behave. Thus, it assures that the decision executed by the system is the fruit of real human moral reasoning.

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In addition, the fan is designed to allow the user set various traits, ranging from religion and degree to sex and age, as criterion to choose the worker who should respond to the dilemma, in order to assure that a part of the user’s culture and belief system is in line with the worker, or ethical agent. The project is powered by an Arduino Yún (ATmega32U4) using Python, PHP, and jQuery. Furthermore, a real-time map on the Makers’ website offers an excerpt of dilemmas faced by two fans in varying locations as well as its answers.

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Faced with a complex decision? Ask the fan. Head over to the project’s official page here, and watch it in action below.

This Belle dress is perfect for Disney’s Electric Light Parade


Beauty and the LEDs?


Beauty and the Beast lovers, this latest project is for you. In what may very well be the brightest idea (literally) since Zoey’s LED Minnie Mouse costume, Maker mom Teresa Roberts created a Belle-inspired dress that would fit right into any Disney Electric Light Parade.

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To bring this idea to life, Roberts used four Lilypad Arduino units (ATmega328) connected to approximately 600 LEDs. The edge of the skirt is outlined with warm white lights, while red lights emit an animated swirling sequence and ultra bright clear lights are set to randomly twinkle.

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And, what would a Belle ensemble be without her enchanted rose? The character’s signature piece is designed into the dress with some EL wire, which is illuminated in red, white and green. Roberts also used a USB converter for the EL wire, while the dress itself is powered by three C batteries.

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In terms of fabric, while originally planning to use conductive thread, Roberts learned rather quickly that would be a daunting task. Instead, the Maker mom turned to thin 24-gauge speaker wire so she wouldn’t have to worry about shorts.

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Interested in learning more? You can find a detailed log of her build here, and watch some Disney magic below!

Controlling a robotic arm with your brain


Mind = Blown.


When it comes to brain-controlled interfaces, advancements in the space have come a long way since its earliest days of research at UCLA in the 1970s. Under a grant from the National Science Foundation and followed by a contract from DARPA, the papers published following the study marked the first appearance of the expression BCI in scientific literature. Now fast forward nearly 40 years and Makers are inspiring a wide-range of possibilities, from EEG beanies that can read and change colors based on a wearer’s mood to amputees instructing a prosthesis to gain movement in their arms.

(Source: MAKE)

(Source: MAKE)

Writing for MAKE: Magazine, Nathan Hurst highlights a recent project from Cognitive Technology for their recent Make it Move interactive display in San Francisco. The device was simply plugged into a computer and screen, and into a two-jointed robotic arm.

To bring the exhibit to life, the team adapted an EEG board from OpenBCI. The ATmega328 based platform measures brain activity in both hemispheres, and records that data on eight channels. However, for it to work, it requires electrodes to be pasted onto the skull — something which wouldn’t work for a public exhibit. Subsequently, the Makers decided to use a soft neoprene cap with dry electrodes that was capable of sitting on the head with a velcro strap under the chin. It would then read and output brainwaves to the OpenBCI board.

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“I think if this technology advances more, it will help a lot of disabled people who can’t move their arms,” Jisoo Kim tells MAKE. “Since everything is open-source, people can build it themselves, so I think it will advance a lot more.”

Maker Tomas Vega, who is a University of California student and Cog Tech member, shares that an EEG device can read that in the form of electrical signals on the scalp. Those signals are then processed, filtered and analyzed into more digestible form of feedback. Software interprets the information from the EEG and assists in processing the signals to create useful output. However, these signals can come in rather noisy, and as a result, the program must employ some machine learning to sort it out.

(Source: MAKE)

(Source: MAKE)

As MAKE points out, EEG interpretation faces a bit of skepticism from the academic community, and in the current exhibit’s setting, the team was faced with an additional barrier of teaching visitors to actually control the interface. While brain-controlled interfaces have been used primarily for science, the Cog Tech crew hopes that new tools will help spur further research and more importantly, address more practical problems including assisting those who are paralyzed.

For the exhibit, Cog Tech is harnessing the powers of BCI to command a robotic arm that Jon Ferran devised using an Arduino Mega (ATmega2560) along with some parts from an old bartending arm. At the moment, motion is limited to waving left and right.

Kim explains to MAKE that after just a few hours of training, she could already feel herself getting better with controlling the arm — something that the team hopes others will one day have the chance to experience. “It was pretty difficult. The most difficult part was to think the way that can control the arm; imagining moving my left or right arm is different from moving it.”

(Source: MAKE)

(Source: MAKE)

While BCI boasts several possible applications in basic computer control, such as replacing mice and keyboards, some have a more personal goal as well. “I want to be a cyborg. That’s my long-term goal,” Vega concludes. “I’m going to work all my life to make this a reality. There’s nothing that makes my heart beat faster than this dream of being enhanced by technology. This dream of being augmented, and augmenting my capabilities as a human, and trying to push the boundary.”

Interested in learning more? You can read the entire feature in MAKE: Magazine here. 

Juice-Box is an interactive music dispenser and player


Looks like Anna Kendrick isn’t the only one to create something awesome from cups and music. 


A jukebox is a partially automated music-playing device, usually coin-operated, that plays a selection from a self-contained library of tunes. These classic machines typically feature buttons with letters and numbers on them that, when entered in combination, are used to play a specific song. Dating back to the 1940s, they have become a common fixture among diners and video arcades along with another ubiquitous machine, the soda fountain. Now, what if these two were combined? Well, Maker Jae-Hwan Jung has done just that.

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For a recent assignment, Jung has devised a soda dispenser-styled jukebox in a project he calls Juice-Box. Programmed with an assortment of musical flavors, users can “dispense” tunes in their own cup-shaped MP3 player. Each dispenser denotes a different genre, such as favorites, jazz, hip-hop, or blues. At the same time, visual feedback of a “filling” playlist is indicated by a series of RGB LEDs. This allows users to tangibly select their desired tunes and offers a more enjoyable downloading experience. Furthermore, just like Dr. Pepper, you can blend various tastes to create new playlists. In Jung’s case, this mixing provides a listener with some R&B.

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To bring this idea to life, the Maker equipped the Juice-Box with an Arduino Uno (ATmega328), a SparkFun MP3 shield, an Adafruit NeoPixel strip, a Bluetooth module, a mini speaker and a LiPo battery.

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Interested in making one of your own? Head over to the Maker’s official project page here. Meanwhile, watch it in action below!

An open-source PLC to control the Internet of Things


Controllino is the first software open-source, Arduino-compatible PLC. 


Designed by the SG-Tronic team, the Controllino is an open-source programmable logic controller (PLC) built around Atmel’s ATmega328 and ATmega2560 microcontrollers (MCUs). Recently funded on Kickstarter, the Arduino-compatible PLC allows Makers to produce and control their next Internet of Things project, ranging from industrial to home automation applications.

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“When I was at electronic school, I would have loved Arduino. But back then, microcontroller programming wasn’t that easy. When I became aware of Arduino, I thought… What a great idea for young people and those who are not hardcore microcontroller programmers,” creator Marco Riedesser explained. “The only problem with Arduino is [that] when you don’t really know so much about electronic hardware, driving more than a LED can become difficult. And using an Arduino board in a professional project or even a product that you want to sell is quasi impossible if you want to get certification.”

Now fully UL and CE-certified, Makers can begin creating and actually shipping gadgets such as drones, home appliances, or any other electronic project that comes to mind. The Atmel powered PLC is currently being presented in three models: Mini, Maxi and Mega.

“I had to repair the coffee machine for my brother-in-law. I thought it would be easy to use Arduino but there was nothing on the market that could handle switching high voltage and high current. So I thought I had to come forward with a product,” Riedesser revealed to TechCrunch earlier this year.

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All Controllino PLCs are equipped with an internal RTC using SPI, which can be switched on/off and allow for the use of SPI for other purposes via pin header. With built-in processor contact, Makers have a direct link to a number of boards (like Arduino). All pins are also 4000V ESD protected. What’s more, both the Controllino Maxi and Mega let users select between internal RTC and Ethernet using SPI, as well as turn it off so they can use the SPI for other purposes via pin header.

The versatile device works in altitudes up to 2,000m above sea level, in temperatures ranging between 5°C to 55°C, and in maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up to 31°C decreasing linearly to 50% relative humidity at 55°C. Each Controllino features an automatic input voltage range selection. This internal function changes voltage dividers ratio on the processor input, and enables the use of one input for analog and digital and for 12V or 24V input voltage range without user action. In addition, the Controllino’s main supply voltage fluctuates up to ±10% of the nominal voltage

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Key Mini specs:

  • MCU: ATmega328 MCU
  • RTC
  • Clock speed: 16 MHz
  • 1x RS232 interface
  • 1x SPI interface
  • 6x relay outputs (230V/6A)
  • 8x digital outputs (2A @12V or 24V)
  • 8x analog/digital inputs
  • 10A input current max

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Key Maxi specs:

  • MCU: ATmega2560
  • RTC
  • Clock speed: 16 MHz
  • Ethernet connection
  • 2x RS232 interface
  • 1x RS485 interface
  • 1x I2C interface
  • 1x SPI interface
  • 10x relay outputs (230V/6A)
  • 12x digital outputs ( 2A @12V or 24V)
  • 12x analog/digital inputs
  • 20A input current max

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Key Mega specs:

  • MCU: ATmega2560 MCU
  • RTC
  • Clock speed: 16 MHz
  • Ethernet connection
  • 2x RS232 interface
  • 1x RS485 interface
  • 1x I2C interface
  • 1x SPI interface
  • 16x relay outputs (230V/6A)
  • 24x analog/digital inputs
  • 12x digital outputs – high side switch (2A @12V or 24V)
  • 12x digital outputs – half-bridge (2A @12V or 24V)
  • 20A input current max

Interested in learning more? You can check out Controllino’s official page here. Those wishing to purchase the Mini, Maxi and Mega can now do so for € 119.00, € 199.00 and € 269.00, respectively.

Measuring flash speed with AVR


How fast is your flash?


Whether you’re a Maker or a photographer, there’s nothing more interesting than learning about timers, interrupts and input capture on AVR MCUs. And, if you’re a flash fanatic like Matt Kane of Vela Labs, you’re sure to love his latest project: a low-cost, high-speed timer for camera flashes as an Arduino shield.

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When it comes to measuring flash speed, it is typically done in one of two ways. One is determining the lag time between the trigger signal at the hotshot or sync cable and the light emitting from the flash. If this remains consistent, everything is fine. The other is the speed of the pulse width, which refers to the amount of time that the lamp is shining. This is analogous to shutter speed, and combined with the luminosity of the flash gives the exposure. When varying the “power” of a speed light, it doesn’t actually change the brightness of the flash; instead, it simply alters the pulse width. This is why for high-speed photography you need your flash to be on its lowest power setting.

“For most high speed photography, lag isn’t a major problem as long as it’s consistent. If you’re capturing a bullet you can compensate for lag by simply moving the camera further from the gun. If it’s inconsistent then it’s more of a problem, as this makes it very hard to align shots. The really important thing is the pulse width. The longer the pulse, the more motion blur you’ll get in your shot. Sure you can test this by trial and error, but it’s a lot easier if we measure it first as it means we can easily calculate what sort of speed of object we can capture with the flash,” Kane explains.

While usual equipment like a photodetector and oscilloscope that can do the trick, it will generally set someone back quite a few bucks. However, Kane’s DIY project is a much more affordable, easy-to-use way to measure both types of flash speed. In fact, the Maker used a $0.50 photodiode that is sensitive to visible light and a 3.5mm jack that ties into the flash remote, both of which are wired to an Arduino Leonardo (ATmega32U4). The current measured through the device indicates the brightness of the shining light, while an added RC filter helps avoid high frequency noise interfering with their readings. Meanwhile, a 50ohm load resistor provided Kane with enough voltage to measure with the Arduino.

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A push button was tasked with the triggering. To get a reading for just the pulse width, Kane pointed the flash towards the detector and fired away. It then printed the pulse width over serial. As Kane advises, if you want to measure the lag as well, then the flash must be connected the shield and pointed at the detector, while pressing the shield’s button. This will then allow the user to receive both values over serial.

So why turn to AVR for the project? “ATmega chips have a built-in analog comparator which is great for this. This measures whether the voltage on one pin is higher or lower than the reference voltage and generates an interrupt or sets a register accordingly. The reference voltage can either be the micro’s internal reference voltage, or a voltage on an external pin. We’ll be using the latter so that we can set our threshold. Once the voltage from the photodiode goes over that threshold it will trigger an interrupt. A little trial and error with the oscilloscope showed that 100-200mV was a good threshold, so I used a voltage divider to generate this.”

With just some work around high-speed timers and interrupts on Arduino, you too can determine the speed of your flash. Head over to the project’s official page to get an in-depth breakdown of the build.

Bare Conductive’s Touch Board is bringing stories to life


Isn’t reading much more fun when it’s interactive? 


Who remembers the 2008 flick Bedtime Stories starring Adam Sandler? The movie centered around a hotel handyman, whose life changes when the lavish nighttime tales he tells his niece and nephew start to magically come true. And while literally bringing fantasy to life may be impossible, Bare Conductive is helping to enable the next best thing with its Touch Board (ATmega32U4) with a pair of recent exhibits.

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First, Dataflags is a narrative series of artwork created by Fabio Lattanzi Antinori that explores the financial troubles of corporations as they head towards bankruptcy, while highlighting the pivotal role data plays in today’s society. The piece, which was originally displayed in London’s Victoria & Albert Museum back in September 2014, was brought to life through Bare Conductive’s incredibly-popular ATmega32U4 MCU Touch Board and some Electric Paint. The printed sensors were concealed by a layer of black ink, and when touched, triggered a selection of financial trading data theatrically sung by an opera performer.

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“Dataflags is a series of works I am creating that deal with the notion of failing; they represent fragile corporate flags that celebrate the ups and downs of those corporations that were thought to be invincible but went bankrupt. Lehman Brothers, in this context, made up for a very good candidate, yet there are others which will be explored in the next artworks,” Antinori told Bare Conductive.

In order to program the Touch Board to announce various sets of numbers each time the sensors were touched, a series of voices were prerecorded ahead of time. The code then reassembled each sample in real-time depending on the set of figures that corresponded to the daily history of the company’s share prices.

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Similar to a number of other forms of art which require engagement from a participating audience, the ATmega32U4 based board would only trigger sound when a passerby interacted with the exhibit. “One could say that there would be no work at all without the intervention of the public, which is a continuation of the metaphorical aspect of the piece,” Antinori added.The flags themselves were comprised of somerset paper, as it “preserved a sense of heritage to which we all relate.” According to the Maker, it was the perfect material to represent a flag, given that it appears solid and eternal, yet it fragile and ephemeral, especially when it is meant to be touched by hundreds of people.

Next, The Northwood’s Childrens Museum in Wisconsin recently created a storytelling tree capable of reading along with you. The old computers inside the the museum display were retrofitted with an ATmega32U4 based board. In fact, this was a welcomed replacement as one staff member said that the computers “broke constantly and hogged power, keeping us from updating sounds files periodically throughout the year.”

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Unlike its embedded predecessor, the Touch Board allowed sound files to be changed in an expedited manner, and was slim enough to nestle neatly into the trunk’s design. And what would a treehouse-like exhibit be without a makeshift walkie talkie comprised of cans strung together? Creatively, a set of headphones were also placed inside the can to make it exciting for participants to listen to the story.

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As previously explored on Bits & Pieces and seen inside Atmel Maker Faire booths around the world, Bare Conductive continues to inspire and enable Makers to transform touch into sound in countless ways. We can only imagine what Makers will think of next! Interested in learning more? You can head over to the team’s official page here.

Drawbot is a wireless pen plotter robot


This free-roaming artist on wheels has no work area limitations.


As reported on Bits & Pieces, a number of artistic robots have emerged on the Maker scene as of late. However, unlike some of its predecessors, the newly-revealed Drawbot is a wireless pen plotter that is not bound to a defined work area.

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Originally conceived as free-roaming, wireless drawing machine, Matthew Lim decided to explore a bit further into pen plotters — which are based on very similar logic as that of a 3D printer, just with less sophisticated Z-axis movement.

“Upon some research in both the open source community and in the commercial sector, I realized that I was making something new. All pen plotters have limited work areas because of how they work: they all move within a specifically-defined space in order to get precision. I decided to make one that is wireless and free-roaming,” the Maker writes.

The tetherless digital fabrication tool is driven by an Arduino Uno (ATmega328), while its wheels and caster were 3D-printed using on a MakerBot. The remaining parts of the frame were comprised of laser-cut masonite. On the software side, the Drawbot is based on the open-source code for TinyCNC by Makerblock. However, since the Drawbot moves differently than the TinyCNC, Lim needed to significantly modify its Arduino program.

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“I am currently developing a second version chassis. The new frame has fully integrated assembly, which means that minimal hardware is required to put the robot together. I will also be making Drawbot open source by creating an instructable to share the platform and have others participate in its development,” Lim concludes.

Want a pen plotting robot of your own? Head over to the project’s official page to get started. In the meantime, check out some of its latest creations below.

EasyPlug Air is a wireless sensor shield for your Arduino


Makers can now wirelessly connect their Arduino in less than a minute.


Last year, InXus Interactive launched a crowdfunding campaign for its versatile sensor shield for Arduino units, which enabled Makers to connect a plethora of sensors to their board in just seconds. The campaign for the aptly named EasyPlug was successfully funded, garnering well over double its initial goal. Now, several months later, the Irvine, California-based startup has returned to Kickstarter with what they call the EasyPlug Air, a wireless spawn of its original shield.

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“In the months ensuing delivery of EasyPlug, it became painfully obvious that people wanted wireless. So, we listened to the people and here we are,” the team writes.

According to a company rep, the EasyPlug Air can wirelessly connect to any Atmel based Arduino in less than a minute. Whether a Maker is looking to remotely control their board with a banana or track when someone comes in and out of their house, the Air is hoping to make that possible.

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How it works is simple. A user selects a sensor, plugs it into a receiver and progresses with their project. Each sensor plug on the receiver is labeled with a corresponding number (0-5). This number refers to the analog pin on the Arduino. That way, when a Maker connects a sound sensor into sensor plug #1, for example, the board will automatically start reading sensor data on analog channel one.

EasyPlug Air comes in two different models: MegaMote and MiniMote. The first version is comprised of a receiver shield, a wireless sensor hub with six sensor inputs, a rechargeable battery, sensors, sensor connection cables and a recharge cable; while the latter packs all of the same components except that it boasts three smaller wireless sensor hubs with two sensor inputs on each.

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Makers can choose from an assortment of easy-to-use sensors for just about anything, each of which are optimized for performance, feature six unique colored cables and provide onboard circuit protection. Currently, sensors include pushbutton, light, turn, motion, magnet, sound, capacitive touch and force. What’s more, the Create Sensor is designed for those seeking to connect their own sensors to the original EasyPlug or VERVE. As the company notes, “We’ve picked the most useful and fun sensors for you and we’re adding more all the time, so you should be able to find a sensor to fit your needs.”

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Key wireless shield specs:

  • Onboard LEDs
  • No extra code (Uses the standard “analogRead(pin#)” command)
  • Stackable with other shields
  • No soldering required
  • Communication through 2.4GHz ISM band

Notable wireless transmitter specs:

  • 50 meter range
  • 1kHz sample rate
  • 14mA peak current draw @ 3.3V
  • 6 analog sensor inputs
  • Rechargeable battery via microUSB cable
  • Compatible with ever-growing list of inXus sensors

Interested in learning more? You can check out the project’s official Kickstarter page, where InXus Interactive is seeking $20,000.